Which step in the planning phase provides the necessary high-level direction for reaching organizational goals?

Strategic planning is the step in the planning phase that provides the necessary high-level direction for reaching organizational goals. It involves defining the organization's long-term vision, mission, and objectives. This phase is crucial as it sets the framework for where the organization aims to be in the future and outlines the steps needed to achieve that vision.

Strategic planning involves assessments of the external and internal environments, facilitates decision-making regarding resource allocation, and helps ensure that all subsequent planning efforts—whether operational, tactical, or project-based—align with the overarching goals of the organization. It is during this phase that leaders articulate their priorities, thus creating a roadmap that influences all lower-level planning efforts to maintain coherence and focus on the organization's core mission.

Each of the other types of planning, such as operational, tactical, and project planning, serves to support and execute the broader objectives established during the strategic planning phase but does not provide the same high-level direction. They delve into more specific details of implementation and management of resources, while strategic planning maintains a focus on long-term goals.